The Sun's hidden magnetic field during grand minimumGottingen, Germany (SPX) May 23, 2016 The Sun has an 11-year cycle that involves, among other things, the occurrence and disappearance of sunspots as well as strong changes in the global magnetic field of the Sun. A study conducted by the ReSoLVE Centre of Excellence at Aalto University in Finland with participation of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Gottingen now investigated the mechanisms underlying these long-term variations in solar activity.
snip:Their results surprisingly show that the Sun's magnetic field during a grand minimum is in fact at maximum. At the same time, they created the world's longest numerical simulation that produces a solar-like dynamo solution complete with its long-term variation.
The most striking result of the study which was published in the May issue of the journal "Astronomy and Astrophysics" relates to the Sun's silent periods known as grand minima, of which the Maunder Minimum is perhaps the best known. During this minimum which occurred between the years 1650 and 1700 astronomers could barely detect any sunspots despite their dedicated observing efforts.
At the same time, the climate changed, and the Little Ice Age is known to have occurred in Europe, North America and China. The solar magnetic field was thought to wither during such grand minima and be so weak as not being capable of generating sunspots or other activity. The study now shows that in fact, the magnetic field was at its maximum during the Maunder Minimum.
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