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NASA patents.

 
Cosmic_Serpent
10/10/2004 03:52 PM
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NASA patents.
They have some weird patents...

*snip*
United States Patent 6,318,666
Brotz November 20, 2001

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Superconductive geomagnetic craft


Abstract
A craft that includes superconductive materials that are supported within the geomagnetic field of the earth by means of the Meissner effect. The craft is propelled by means of directing a current from a point to another therein which creates a propelling force thereon within such magnetic field as determined by the right-hand motor rule.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Brotz; Gregory R. (P.O. Box 1322, Sheboygan, WI 53081)
Appl. No.: 440187
Filed: November 15, 1999

*snip*
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The device of this invention resides in the field of aircrafts for transportation, and more particularly relates to a craft that is supported and propelled by using the earth´s geomagnetic field.

2. History of the Prior Art

It is well known that superconductive materials can be supported by a magnetic field which phenomenon is referred to as the Meissner effect. It is also known that if current is passed through a conductor crossing magnetic field lines, a force is exerted on such conductor in a direction determined by the right-hand motor rule. It is also known that if a large current is passed through a superconducting material, it will cause that material to become non-superconducting and to return to being a normal conductor. This level of current is referred to as the critical current density.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of this invention to utilize the geomagnetic field of the earth to support and propel a superconducting lightweight craft. In a preferred embodiment such craft can be spherical in shape. Other shapes such as a cylindrical or planar shape, etc. can also be used. In its simplest form such craft can be a superconducting layer formed on a lightweight aerogel insulation hollow sphere. The Meissner effect is well known and is usually demonstrated by cooling a fixed superconductor and having a rare earth permanent magnet levitate above it. This configuration is utilized because if one levitates the superconductor, it is no longer in contact with the coolant and soon warms above the critical temperature and thus is no longer levitated. The superconducting sphere of this invention acts as a diamagnet which repels the geomagnetic force fields thereagainst and tends to position itself at right angles to such magnetic lines of force. The magnetic force field utilized in this invention is the earth´s geomagnetic field.


[link to patft.uspto.gov]

Who wants to ride the space tram?

United States Patent 6,311,926
Powell , et al. November 6, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Space tram


Abstract
A spacecraft may be launched into outer space around the earth by magnetically suspending a sky tube having an inlet on earth and an outlet at altitude. The sky tube is evacuated, and the spacecraft is propelled therethrough to achieve escape velocity for reaching outer space.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Powell; James R. (P.O. Box 547, Shoreham, NY 11786); Maise; George (180 Harbor Rd., Stony Brook, NY 11790)
Appl. No.: 558423
Filed: April 25, 2000

*snip*
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A spacecraft may be launched into outer space around the earth by magnetically suspending a sky tube having an inlet on earth and an outlet at altitude. The sky tube is evacuated, and the spacecraft is propelled therethrough to achieve escape velocity for reaching outer space.

[link to patft.uspto.gov]

United States Patent 6,606,370
Kasprowicz August 12, 2003

System for the storage and transportation of anti-matter

Abstract
According to the invention, anti-matter can be stored in a spherical shell container (10) and is introduced into or extracted from the latter by being loaded in an attached piece (42) adjoining an.opening in the container from the exterior of the sphere into its interior, and this always taking place without touching the container wall and attached piece, which consist of matter. In accordance with a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment; spherical shell segments (18) generate in the interior of the sphere an electrostatic field which keeps electrically charged anti-matter in a stable position in a fashion centered about the center of the sphere of the storage system.

What is claimed is:

1. A device for storage of anti-matter comprising:

an evacuable hollow body comprised of at least one inner shell adapted for generating in the hollow body a force field for permitting anti-matter to be kept within the hollow body without contact with the inner shell;

And this?
United States Patent 6,550,114
Reece April 22, 2003

Cremation on atmospheric reentry.
[link to patft.uspto.gov]
I guess NASA is good at something at least.

United States Patent 6,488,233
Myrabo December 3, 2002

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Laser propelled vehicle

Abstract
Provided is a laser propelled craft having a) a forebody or nose, b) a tapering parabolic afterbody optic or mirror, c) a shroud mounted therebetween and extending aft to define an annular space around a portion of the afterbody near its base and d) means to transmit a pulsed laser beam toward the laser craft and afterbody optic and thence to focus into the annular shroud. The laser beam is pulsed to heat and pressurize the air in the annular space to expand same and propel such craft, the afterbody and shroud being so shaped as to self center or remain in the laser beam as the craft is propelled thereby. Such craft, which is spin-stablized, can also carry a fuel insert ring mounted in the shroud around the afterbody, to be ablated by the laser beam at a desired altitude, so as to transition from an air breathing craft to a rocket craft, when the atmospheric density becomes too low, e.g., at 30 km altitude so that the lasercraft can thereafter be propelled into, e.g., low earth orbit.

Inventors: Myrabo; Leik N. (Bennington, VT)
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air (Washington, DC)
Appl. No.: 846683
Filed: April 30, 2001

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------

[link to patft.uspto.gov]


Electronic full text is not currently available.
Title Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program. Fourth annual report to Congress for FY 1980
Publication Date 1981 Jan 01
System Entry Date 2001 May 13


quote:
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Description/
Abstract This fourth annual report on the implementation of the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Research, Development and Demonstration Act of 1976 (Public Law 94-413, as amended by Public Law 95-238, referred to as the Act) complies with the reporting requirements established in Section 14 of the Act.^In addition to informing the Congress of the progress and plans of the Department`s Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Program, this report is intended to serve as a communication link between the Department and all of the public and private interests involved in making the program a success.^During FY 1980, significant progress was made toward implementing the policies established by Congress in the Act.^There has been a noticeable increase in interest shown by both the market and the supply segments of our economy in electric and hybrid vehicles.^The demonstration site operators have increased in number to 68 with demonstration sites located in 94 cities across the Nation.^Loan guarantees were awarded to two electric vehicle manufacturers.^Research and development efforts in batteries and propulsion components, as well as total vehicle systems, continue to reveal significant progress toward providing industry with technology options that will result in vehicles with greater public acceptance.^The second electric test vehicle (ETV-2) developed under the DOE EHV Program was delivered.^This year, the EHV Program was restructured into five specific projects that are formulated to enhance the research, development, and demonstration of electric and hybrid vehicles leading to their expeditious introduction into the Nation`s transportation fleet to reduce our dependence on petroleum.
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------

[link to www.osti.gov]

United States Patent 6,667,487
Sims, III , et al. December 23, 2003

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Radio frequency trap for containment of plasmas in antimatter propulsion systems using rotating wall electric fields

Abstract
A containment apparatus for containing a cloud of charged particles comprises a cylindrical vacuum chamber having a longitudinal axis. Within the vacuum chamber is a containment region. A magnetic field is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the vacuum chamber. The magnetic field is time invariant and uniform in strength over the containment region. An electric field is also aligned with the longitudinal axis of the vacuum chamber and the magnetic field. The electric field is time invariant, and forms a potential well over the containment region. One or more means are disposed around the cloud of particles for inducing a rotating electric field internal to the vacuum chamber. The rotating electric field imparts energy to the charged particles within the containment region and compress the cloud of particles. The means disposed around the outer surface of the vacuum chamber for inducing a rotating electric field are four or more segments forming a segmented ring, the segments conforming to the outer surface of the vacuum chamber. Each of the segments is energized by a separate alternating voltage. The sum of the voltages imposed on each segment establishes the rotating field. When four segments form a ring, the rotating field is obtained by a signal generator applying a sinusoidal signal phase delayed by 90, 180 and 270 degrees in sequence to the four segments.

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Sims, III; William Herbert (Decatur, AL); Martin; James Joseph (Huntsville, AL); Lewis; Raymond A. (Boalsburg, PA)
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the (Washington, DC)
Appl. No.: 361034
Filed: January 31, 2003


United States Patent 6,341,372
Datig January 22, 2002

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Universal machine translator of arbitrary languages

Abstract
A universal machine translator of arbitrary languages enables the semantic, or meaningful, translation of arbitrary languages with zero loss of meaning of the source language in the target language translation, which loss is typical in prior art human and machine translations. The universal machine translator embodies universal transformations itself and comprises the means for identifying high-level grammatical constructions of a source language word stream, constructing a grammatical world model of the syntax of the source language high-level word stream, decomposing source and target languages into universal moments of meaning, or epistemic instances, translating the epistemic moments of source and target languages with substantially no loss in meaning, constructing a grammatical world model of the syntax of the target language high-level word stream, optionally adjusting the target language syntax to comply with a preferred target language grammar, and generating the translated target language word stream. The universal machine translator also comprises the means to embody arbitrary sensory/motor receptions and transmissions of arbitrary word streams, which allows universally translated communications to occur among human beings and machines.

Inventors: Datig; William E. (P.O. Box 528, Centerport, NY 11721)
Appl. No.: 876378
Filed: June 16, 1997

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the creation and use of synthetic forms of existence, or androids, and more specifically relates to the development of a universal epistemological machine in which any forms of the universe, conventional technologies included, are represented, embodied and realized as eternal moments of an infinitely expanding continuum of enabled existential forms, as an alternative approach to resolving the problems of the human condition.

quote:
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Since the theory and science of androids advances a technology of beings who themselves know and perceive the world around us, an understanding of the biological forms of the universe, tied in with our views of medicine, will lay the groundwork for new definition that is established in the theory for what is living in the universe. The science of androids constructs beings, in the world around us, who obtain form from our definitions of who and what we think we are, as human beings. A misunderstanding of what is living in the universe may prevent one from coming to know the forms of androids. Coupled with this, a knowledge of the philosophies of humankind also is prerequisite, since they typically define who and what we think we are, and therefore are used in defining what an android is.

Androids embody consciousness. A background in psychology and psychiatry (since androids are corporal beings as well) is extremely beneficial to understanding the cognitive aspects of androidal construction. Thoughts, ideas, streams of consciousness and the whole realm of human cognition are not only explored in the theory and science of androids but are enabled in the material forms of the physical universe. A precise comprehension of what the humanities have said in regard to the human intellectual experience is background for a reading of this specification
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------

quote:
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention solves the problems faced in the prior art by addressing with the certainty of science and the broad philosophical views of the humanities the essence of human existence, in the context of its embodiment in a machinery or material form of the universe as a synthetic form of (human and otherwise) existence, referred to as an android, or more broadly a universal epistemological machine--as an intrinsically-endowed thinking machine. The present invention further involves not only a (single) thinking machine, or android, but pluralities of them, under the structure of the universal epistemological machine, in resolution to the higher efforts of humankind where the prior art approaches have met with difficulty in the technology of the workerless factory, since the present invention expands the human universe instead of replicating it.
-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------

Much more information on [link to patft.uspto.gov]

More to come.
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
United States Patent 6,195,184
Chao , et al. February 27, 2001

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High-resolution large-field-of-view three-dimensional hologram display system and method thereof


Abstract
A real-time, dynamic, free space-virtual reality, 3-D image display system which is enabled by using a unique form of Aerogel as the primary display media. A preferred embodiment of this system comprises a 3-D mosaic topographic map which is displayed by fusing four projected hologram images. In this embodiment, 4 holographic images are projected from 4 separate holograms. Each holographic image subtends a quadrant of the 4.pi. solid angle. By fusing these four holographic images, a static 3-D image such as a featured terrain map would be visible for 360 degrees in the horizontal plane and 180 degrees in the vertical plane. An input, either acquired by 3-D image sensor or generated by computer animation, is first converted into a 2-D computer generated hologram (CGH). This CGH is then downloaded into large liquid crystal (LC) panel. A laser projector illuminates the CGH-filled LC panel and generates and displays a real 3-D image in the Aerogel matrix.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Chao; Tien-Hsin (Valencia, CA); Mintz; Frederick W. (Canoga Park, CA); Tsou; Peter (La Canada, CA); Bryant; Nevin A. (La Canada, CA)
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Administrator of the (Washington, DC)
Appl. No.: 336542
Filed: June 19, 1999

*snip*
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

By implementing the present invention, viewers would no longer be restricted to direct line-of-sight, hologram plate reflections, but would be able to view a projected 3-D hologram from any position in a room. In essence, a 3-D scene appears in free space, virtual reality. Further, images could be constructed from relatively static data (i.e., terrain features) with a dynamic data overlay (i.e. vehicle locations and unit movements).

A key application of this 3-D display technology in support of Battlespace Visualization, is its potential to accurately portray threat envelopes from enemy radars or other observing systems. Presently, radar threat and line-of-sight models identify areas that are illuminated or shadowed by terrain, but only for the 2-D case (i.e. height of the observer and potential target is fixed). A 3-D rendition will more fully portray the real impact of terrain shadowing upon multiple search fans, thereby revealing potential areas of undetected movement. For friendly forces, the 3-D display will provide a comprehensive collection management and asset management tool that assures complete, or the most effective coverage, in regions of moderate or high relief. This invention is implemented by the use of a pure form of silica Aerogel as the display medium for 3-D holograms. This innovative display technique may lead to a number of new military and commercial applications.

The present invention comprises a real-time, dynamic, free space-virtual reality, 3-D image display system which is enabled by using a unique form of Aerogel as the primary display media. A preferred embodiment of this system comprises a 3-D mosaic topographic map which is displayed by fusing four projected hologram images. In this embodiment, 4 holographic images are projected from 4 separate holograms. Each holographic image subtends a quadrant of the 4.pi. solid angle. By fusing these four holographic images, a static 3-D image such as a featured terrain map would be visible for 360 degrees in the horizontal plane and 180 degrees in the vertical plane.
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
*bump*
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
Who cares? If you don´t, don´t bother posting, it´s simple. There is basically a "UFO" craft patented by NASA utilising one of their MANY forms of alternative propulsion systems. They have DNA/gene research and patents for both animals and plants(I thought NASA was a space faring organisation?)

But that´s nothing compared to the patents and military have.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
Time-gated delay lock loop tracking of digital television signals


Abstract
A computer program product, apparatus, and method for use in determining the position of a user terminal includes receiving at the user terminal a digital television (DTV) broadcast signal transmitted by a DTV transmitter; tracking a periodic component of the DTV signal using a delay-lock loop (DLL), including selecting an observation interval based on the timing of the periodic component, and turning on a portion of the DLL during the observation interval, and turning the portion off otherwise; and determining a pseudo-range between the user terminal and the DTV transmitter based on the DTV broadcast signal; and wherein the position of the user terminal is determined based on the pseudo-range and a location of the DTV transmitter.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Rabinowitz; Matthew (Portola Valley, CA); Spilker, Jr.; James J. (Woodside, CA)
Assignee: Rosum Corporation (Redwood City, CA)
Appl. No.: 209578
Filed: July 31, 2002

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to position determination, and particularly to position determination using DTV signals.

There have long been methods of two-dimensional latitude/longitude position location systems using radio signals. In wide usage have been terrestrial systems such as Loran C and Omega, and a satellite-based system known as Transit. Another satellite-based system enjoying increased popularity is the Global Positioning System (GPS).

Initially devised in 1974, GPS is widely used for position location, navigation, survey, and time transfer. The GPS system is based on a constellation of 24 on-orbit satellites in sub-synchronous 12 hour orbits. Each satellite carries a precision clock and transmits a pseudo-noise signal, which can be precisely tracked to determine pseudo-range. By tracking 4 or more satellites, one can determine precise position in three dimensions in real time, world-wide. More details are provided in B. W. Parkinson and J. J. Spilker, Jr., Global Positioning System-Theory and Applications, Volumes I and II, AIAA, Washington, D.C. 1996.

GPS has revolutionized the technology of navigation and position location. However in some situations, GPS is less effective. Because the GPS signals are transmitted at relatively low power levels (less than 100 watts) and over great distances, the received signal strength is relatively weak (on the order of -160 dBw as received by an omni-directional antenna). Thus the signal is marginally useful or not useful at all in the presence of blockage or inside a building.

There has even been a proposed system using conventional analog National Television System Committee (NTSC) television signals to determine position. This proposal is found in a U.S. Patent entitled "Location Determination System And Method Using Television Broadcast Signals," U.S. Pat. No. 5,510,801, issued Apr. 23, 1996. However, the analog TV signal described contains horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses intended only for relatively crude synchronization of the TV set sweep circuitry, and not suitable for precise positioning. Further, in 2006 the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) will consider turning off NTSC transmitters and reassigning that valuable spectrum so that it can be auctioned for other purposes deemed more valuable.

The above disclosures describe the use of the new American Television Standards Committee (ATSC) digital television (DTV) signals for position location. When these techniques are used to determine the position of a handheld unit such as a cellular telephone, the efficient use of the limited power supply of the handheld unit is important.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
To get a patent it DOESN´T HAVE TO WORK!

This is how you GET technology. If someone comes up with something like this that actually works, NASA can say it infringes their patents and claim it.

Stop living in fantasy world.
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
Somehow I don´t see why the goverment/NASA/military would spend money, time and effort on something that doesn´t work. If one was to patent a technology in the first place one would have to have knowledge of such technology to begin with. Can´t patent something that doesn´t exist. Now I don´t see why we haven´t heard of most of these technologies, which would be beneficial to all of humankind. Have you read the space act?
I doubt it, so here´s a little snippet.


Sec. 101. This Act may be cited as the “National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958”.
DECLARATION OF POLICY AND PURPOSE
Sec. 102. (a) The Congress hereby declares that it is the policy of the United States that activities in space should be devoted to peaceful purposes for the benefit of all mankind.

(e) The Congress declares that the general welfare of the United States requires that the unique competence in scientific and engineering systems of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration also be directed toward ground propulsion systems research and development. Such development shall be conducted so as to contribute to the objectives of developing energy- and petroleum-conserving ground propulsion systems, and of minimizing the environmental degradation caused by such systems.

They HAVE other propulsion systems and have had patents for many in the past years, yet I have seen barely any effort, publically, to use other propulsions sytems.

More from the space act.
(3) to acquire (by purchase, lease, condemnation, or otherwise), construct, improve, repair, operate, and maintain laboratories, research and testing sites and facilities, aeronautical and space vehicles, quarters and related accommodations for employees and dependents of employees of the Administration, and such other real and personal property (including patents), or any interest therein, as the Administration deems necessary within and outside the continental United States; to acquire by lease or otherwise, through the Administrator of General Services, buildings or parts of buildings in the District of Columbia for the use of the Administration for a period not to exceed ten years without regard to the Act of March 3, 1877 (40 U.S.C. 34); to lease to others such real and personal property; to sell and otherwise dispose of real and personal property (including patents and rights thereunder) in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as amended (40 U.S.C. 471 et seq.); and to provide by contract or otherwise for cafeterias and other necessary facilities for the welfare of employees of the Administration at its installations and purchase and maintain equipment therefor;

And my favourite:
(4) to accept unconditional gifts or donations of services, money, or property, real, personal, or mixed, tangible or intangible;

(10) when determined by the Administrator to be necessary, and subject to such security investigations as he may determine to be appropriate, to employ aliens without regard to statutory provisions prohibiting payment of compensation to aliens;

What is a "natural person"?
(2) DEVELOPER.—The term “developer” means a United states person (other than a natural person) who--
(A) is a party to an agreement with the Administration for the purpose of developing new technology for an experimental aerospace vehicle;
(B) owns or provides property to be flown or situated on that vehicle; or (C) employs a natural person to be flown on that vehicle.
(3) EXPERIMENTAL AEROSPACE VEHICLE.—The term “experimental aerospace vehicle” means an object intended to be flown in, or launched into, orbital or suborbital flight for the purpose of demonstrating technologies necessary for a reusable launch vehicle, developed under an agreement between the Administration and a developer.
(4) RELATED ENTITTY.—The term “related entity” includes a contractor or subcontractor at any tier, a supplier, a grantee, and an investigator or detailee.

I suggest YOU stop living in the fantasy world where everything is hunky dorry like the government and media lead you to believe and start living in the REAL world.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
AC 226

You are wrong

Go to the US patent office FAQ

Yes one can patent ideas such as voice mail that was patented before it was a working device

However these above patents are obviously patents for real working devices

Sorry these things scare you into refusing to believe --it is called denial....
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
Yes, many patents come with a GIAGANTIC amount of information, for those who are interested in checking out the patents, including reference to experiments and tests. Gone through 2000 or so patents, only 53,000 to go :)
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
*bump*
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
I´m suprised no one seems to have noticed that NASA have a patent on an android, or rather many other patents when put together can be used to create one, including sensors(visual/motion, smell, taste, etc), a 3D "brain", various A.I.(artificial intelligence) and many others.
Today NASA released a A.I. system into their satellites. Could Isaac Asimov still be right?

United States Patent 6,088,689
Kohn , et al. July 11, 2000

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Multiple-agent hybrid control architecture for intelligent real-time control of distributed nonlinear processes


Abstract
A Multiple-Agent Hybrid Control Architecture (MAHCA) uses agents to analyze design, and implement intelligent control of distributed processes. A single agent can be configured to control a local process and a network of agents can be configured to control more complex distributed processes. Multiple agents interact through messages and can be either permanent or temporary. The network of agents interact to create an emergent global behavior. The network of agents support construction of closed-loop, autonomous systems which react to comply with two degrees of freedom: (1) a logic degree of freedom (useful for implementing switching between modes of control) and (2) an evolution degree of freedom (useful for implementing particular modes of control). Global behavior is emergent from individual agent behaviors and is achieved without central control through the imposition of global constraints on the network of individual agent behaviors (the logic agent network). MAHCA is especially useful for reactive synchronization of real-time distributed processes subject to decision-making under uncertainty where both logical and evolution constraints on system operation must be continuously maintained and where human operators must be kept appraised of current system operation and whose decisions must be promptly and safely executed. MAHCA also provides support for reuse of existing trusted components and incremental provision of expanded functionality in old or new components through formal construction of provably correct real-time software from declarations of desired logic and evolution behavior of system components. Finally, MAHCA agents can be used in conventional digital procedures to speed up an ensemble of procedures.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Kohn; Wolf (Bellevue, WA); Nerode; Anil (Ithaca, NY); James; John (Fairfax Station, VA)
Assignee: Hynomics Corporation (Kirkland, WA)
Appl. No.: 564008
Filed: November 29, 1995


There are no products similar to the Multiple-Agent Hybrid Control Architecture (MAHCA). Features of MAHCA include:

1. MAHCA uses general descriptions of system state that combine logical and evolution constraints on system behavior. The best commercial simulation products have supported such combined descriptions of system behavior for many years. Examples of commercial simulation systems include SIMNON and ACSL, both of which support nonlinear system descriptions, discovery of system equilibrium points, and linearization about system equilibria for design of linear controllers. The best experimental prototype is DSTOOL from Cornell University, which uses a system description closest to that of MAHCA. A recent Ph.D. thesis by Mats Andersson from Lund Institute of Technology discusses simulation of hybrid systems. The thesis describes the systems modeling language Omola and the simulation system OmSim. While these products and experimental systems support discovery of system behavior, including discovery of failure modes, they do not support creation of controllers to compensate for undesired behaviors.

2. MAHCA´s logical and evolution description of system behavior delivers cumulative control solutions. Commercial products for design of control systems exist, including some that generate control code from experiments. The best commercial systems are MATLAB, MATRIX-X, and BEACON. The best experimental prototypes are ANDECS from Germany, HONEY-X from Honeywell, and METL from University of Waterloo. METL is closest in spirit to MAHCA in that METL supports both logical and evolution descriptions of system behavior and delivery of control solutions that meet logical and evolution constraints. METL, however, relies on experimental discovery of failure modes and application of engineering heuristics to construct combined solutions, as do all other control design tools currently available.

3. MAHCA supports a system for solving both linear and nonlinear scheduling of events. Commercial products exist for scheduling discrete sequences of events. An extension to the G2 product from GENSYM Corp. is currently being marketed as an optimal scheduling package for discrete manufacturing. This product, like other scheduling packages, relies on solution of a linear approximation to what is known to be a nonlinear problem. MAHCA solves the nonlinear scheduling problem as well as its linear approximation.

4. MAHCA uses a general purpose architecture descriptor. General purpose architectures for large-scale, real-time systems have been under development for some time. The NASREM architecture, a joint development of the National Bureau of Standards and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, was published as an open standard in 1989. This reference architecture for real-time, distributed control has been used as a starting point for several large-scale systems as well as the beginning of the Next Generation Controller project and the beginning of two projects in component-based programming supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Domain-Specific Software Architecture (DSSA) project. One of these projects has the best experimental prototype for declaring system architectures, the ARDEC-TEKNOWLEDGE (ARTEK) model. Neither NASREM nor ARTEK, however, support development of control programs for the systems described by their architectural syntax. MAHCA can use either NASREM or ARTEK syntax to describe reference architectures for large-scale systems and can also can generate control software to execute actions necessary to meet the design goals of the architecture applications. Also, while both NASREM and ARTEC support declarations of synchronization requirements for large-scale distributed system, neither support construction of control solutions that achieve the required synchronization.

MAHCA provides technology for flexible implementations of heterogeneous systems which substantially expand on the capabilities of real-time control architectures envisioned by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in "NASA/NBS Standard Reference Model for Telerobot Control System Architecture (NASREM)," NIST (formerly NBS) Technical Note 1235, April 1989. The NASREM experimentation-based architecture represents the most logical arrangement of tools for experimental development of intelligent, real-time, computer-controlled systems. The NASREM architecture has been one of the most widely implemented architectures for large-scale systems and was the starting point for real-time, component-based control research being conducted by the Department of Defense. NASREM has several very useful features including:

1. NASREM supports separation of complex real-time systems into a fixed hierarchy based upon lower levels of the hierarchy being implemented at faster time scales and higher levels in the hierarchy being implemented at slower time scales. The time scales nominally vary from several hours of observations of system evolution at the slowest time scale to several milliseconds of observations of system evolution at the fastest time scale.

2. NASREM supports a further separation of complex, real-time systems into fixed heterarchical partitions at each layer in the hierarchy which correspond to components for a fixed, closed-loop approach for control of each layer according to a sense-decide-act paradigm of:

a. Sense the state of the system at each layer (time scale) in the hierarchy. Analog-to-digital transducers are used to automatically sense and provide inputs at the lowest levels in the hierarchy while user interfaces are used to obtain human queries, response to system queries, or decisions at the highest layers in the hierarchy.

b. Decide which action or plan should be implemented. Scheduling algorithms for sequential machines used for a discrete-event system, switching tables experimentally produced for accomplishing gain-scheduling for closed-loop control algorithms appropriate for different operating modes, or adaptive control algorithms appropriate for use around well-defined operating points are used to decide what actions are to be taken at the lowest layers in the hierarchy.

c. Act to execute the appropriate action for the current state of the system at each layer in the hierarchy. Since lower levels operate at faster time scales than higher levels in the hierarchy (the lowest level being several orders of magnitude faster than the highest level), many actions are taken at a lower level for each action taken at a higher level.

Each heterarchical partition proceeds at a fixed rate to implement the sense-decide-act cycle for the level it controls. The rate can be designed into the system based upon the performance requirements of the users, or the rate may be experimentally determined based upon the physical requirements of existing processes. Each layer accesses a global knowledge base that contains the knowledge of the current state of the system and constraints concerning decisions that can be made for the next cycle.

3. NASREM separates system behaviors into major logical activities being conducted based upon nominal partitioning according to system time scales. This supports a deliberate design of adding higher-level logical functionality in layers from the simplest to the most elaborate as the complex system is incrementally designed, prototyped, assembled, tested, and commissioned.

NASREM, and other architectures based upon conducting extensive experiments to implement complex, large-scale systems, has been a successful engineering approach. However, as systems grow in size and complexity, this technology has been increasingly less effective in achieving successful implementations.

More to come.
Patently false Woo Woo
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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It could prove illuminating for one to examine the sequence of patent numbers generated by the USPO and search for any gaps in the sequence.


Or possibly not.
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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The scary thing is, these are the things which we, the public, are ALLOWED to see for ourselves. What about all the things which we aren´t allowed? IE, black budget aka losing money(tax payers and private funding)

NASA have no qualms about accepting "gifts" and money from anyone as stated in the space act.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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serpent could spend most of his time talking to himself now as the old debunker crew have taken refuge somewhere new.

shame
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
So if the "old debunker crew" (who might I add continually DENIED being a group) moved from this forum, would they not be replaced by another, better group? Psycological manipulations are easy to spot.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Just where did all the debunkers go ????

Is this what we are about to discover

complete control of the internet from the PTB

I am somewhat serious here

the FBI did seize indy media servers in England
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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NASA is playing "god" with DNA and other genetic experiments.
But wait, isn´t NASA a "civilian" space agency? What has DNA got to do with space?

United States Patent 6,057,424
Vail, III May 2, 2000

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Method and apparatus to synthesize DNA and DNA-like molecular structures by applying electric fields to gaseous mixtures of chemical reactants containing template particulate matter


Abstract
The methods to synthesize these chemicals in a laboratory are theorized to be related to natural processes that resulted in the creation of primordial life in the early atmosphere of Earth. The theory of the origin of primordial life in the Earth´s early atmosphere is derived from an earlier U.S. Disclosure Document entitled "Method and Apparatus to Create Primordial Life from Inanimate Materials" that is substantially repeated in the application.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Vail, III; William Banning (3123 198th Pl SE., Bothell, WA 98012)
Appl. No.: 840124
Filed: March 24, 1997


*snip*
The inventor´s Disclosure Document No. 412788 entitled "Method and Apparatus to Create Primordial Life from Inanimate Materials" shows that the EPR can be used to create such primordial life. For the purposes herein, the creation of primordial life is equivalent to simulating any naturally occurring means capable of assembling and replicating DNA-like molecular structures which may take part in any type of naturally occurring evolutionary process that allows the DNA-like molecular structures to change in time. For the purposes herein, the creation of artificial life is equivalent to any artificial means capable of assembling and replicating DNA-like molecular structures which may take part in any type of artificial or actual evolutionary process that allows the DNA-like molecular structures to change in time. Put simply, primordial life is intended to simulate life as it evolved on Earth whereas artificial life is not necessarily intended to do so. With the current state of science, the inventor recognizes that it may not always be possible to draw a clear distinction between primordial life and artificial life. For the purposes in discussions involving primordial life and/or artificial life, DNA-like molecular structures include for the purposes of this invention any type of self-replicating molecular structure.

[link to patft.uspto.gov]

"not always be possible to draw a clear distinction between primordial life and artificial life."
What is artificial life? Why is NASA experimenting with it? Are these organic androids?
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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United States Patent 6,054,694
Paustian April 25, 2000

-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Microwave facilitated atmospheric energy projection system


Abstract
The Atmospheric Energy Projection System (AEPS) projects electrical/thermal energy using microwave radiation at the resonant frequency of oxygen. The radiation excites a column through the ambient atmosphere to a temperature such that air within the column is converted from an insulator to a conducting channel or focused medium. Electrical current is then applied to the channel to transmit an electric charge a predetermined distance. Rapid release of pulses of 60 GHz microwave radiation at a field strength below that for breakdown for the waveguide feeding the antenna or at the antenna aperture creates a channel without premature plasma generation. Once the channel is energized sufficiently, an electric charge is released into the channel and flows down it from the source to a solid the channel intersects. If no solid intrudes the charge diffuses harmlessly at the end of the heated channel as the channel cools back to the ambient temperature. Channel duration is a function of cross-sectional area, and channel length is a function of the amount of 60 GHz microwave energy radiated into the volume of interest. Radiated energy to make the channel is a function of the power available and microwave source used. Shorter ranges require less power to create the channel. Amount of electrical charge released depends on desired range and amount of energy needed at the end of the channel. Arrays of antennas are positioned around a central electrode. Multiple arrays of antennas and electrodes are positioned around a space forming a secure transmission area.


-------------------------------------------------------------​-------------------
Inventors: Paustian; Philip J. (Panama City, FL)
Assignee: Cerberus Institute for Research and Development, Inc. (Warner Robins, GA)
Appl. No.: 834421
Filed: April 16, 1997

*snip*
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an Atmospheric Energy Projection System for projecting electrical and thermal energy. The system takes advantage of oxygen´s resonant frequency for absorption of energy. MFAEPS uses microwave radiation at 60 GHz to create a narrow channel of excited molecules heated sufficiently such that a charge released into that excited air column tends to follow the column rather than dissipating more diffusely into the ambient air. That frequency is the resonant frequency of oxygen. Transmitting 60 GHz microwaves into a narrow air column increases energy in gas molecules in just that portion of the air. Electron mobility in the gas energized by the microwave beam increases, thus favoring the flow of current down the narrow column or channel rather than through the surrounding cooler air. MFAEPS first excites the gas almost to the air breakdown level, and then introduces electric charge into the channel. That creates controlled breakdown with the flow of electrons proceeding down the channel at a speed approaching one-fifth the speed of light or slightly better.

The electric charge continues down the channel until it contacts the object of interest. If no solid encroaches in the column, the electric charge diffuses harmlessly.

MFAEPS has numerous potential applications in a variety of fields, including its development into devices used in military operations. At high power, MFAEPS delivers hundreds of amps of current to land, water, or airborne targets, thereby confusing and immobilizing advanced technology. The electric charge delivered using MFAEPS´s travels at one-fifth the speed of light, making evasion difficult. Ground forces can use MFAEPS for destroying or inactivating controlled directed electronic counter measures (ECM). At low powers, the present invention can be used to perform agricultural activities, such as herding livestock. MFAEPS´s, having a longer range than a cattle prod, allow one ranch hand to more efficiently control a herd. Devices can also be developed to defend grazing cattle and sheep against predators. Properly tuned, an MFAEPS mechanism merely stings or stuns the predator and thus avoids killing an endangered species or domestic animal.

An array of MFAEPS sources can be used to fence off areas from human or animal passage. That fence is visible as streaks of lightning passing between the two MFAEPS sources. The amount of charge carried by the fence is adjustable so as to merely stun or mildly shock an imprudent observer who chooses to proceed through the fence. The requisite charge is realized by applying enough voltage to achieve breakdown in the air in the channels that would be reformed rapidly. Multiple channels a few centimeters apart created by an array of 60 GHz microwave sources and charge sources aligned in a column an radiating in the same plane creates such a barrier. Similarly, high security-areas can be equipped with MFAEPS´s in doorways and hallways to instantly create a barrier to human, animal or automated system passage. The current is adjustable upwards from mild pain to a power sufficient to stun a man or animal, leaving the interloper temporarily unconscious or disabled. MFAEPS´s can also be incorporated into home security systems to augment home defenses against unwanted intruders.

In the field of law enforcement, the present invention can be used by police officers to stun and subdue rioters and criminals without inflicting lasting injury. MFAEPS is far more directional, easier to control, less toxic and environmentally safer than tear gas, the weapon commonly employed in those situations. Mounting a column of MFAEPS´s on trucks creates a mobile curtain of charge between the trucks themselves and buildings along the street, compelling rioters to move along or be shocked.

Focusing MFAEPS on thunder clouds creates a predictable discharge pathway for lightning. Lightning is directed down the channel to a safe ground or to appropriate storage devices, such as banks of capacitors, batteries, or water directly heated to steam to move a turbine to regenerate electricity in a controlled fashion. Airports, chemical plants, NASA launch facilities and other structures at risk from catastrophic damage from lightning strikes can use MFAEPS´s to predictably discharge storms.

For secured communications, a communication corridor can be established by a ring of parallel MFAEPS channels creating a continuous zone of breakdown that surrounds an unexcited normal air core. In the calm unexcited air corridor a communication carrier such as a radio wave, microwave, laser or emitter pulse is established. Perfect communication having zero interference and freedom from interception results from absorption and reflection of the signal by the air breakdown occurring parallel to the signal path. Thus observers outside the core may observe the breakdown path but the signal within the calm core is encapsulated and hidden from them.

Further, efforts to read the beam by interposing another beam and interpreting interference patterns is also futile due to absorption and reflection similar to what occurs when microwaves routinely reflect off the ionosphere. Additional signal security is obtained at the receiving end as the air core is oscillated slightly with coded instructions for matching oscillations by the reception unit.

The present invention is a multiple antenna element with single or multiple electrode version of MFAEPS. For this architecture multiple uniform antenna elements (slotted waveguide antennas, microstrip antennas, fiber optics appropriately doped to conduct 60 GHz, horn antennas, lenses or leaky waveguide antennas) are used in phased arrays to concentrate projected microwave energy centrally or using phase shifters to electronically direct the main beam off axis toward one or another targets. For arrays producing a centrally directed beam a central electrode is used to release charge to the excited zone of air created by the main beam and, as in single antenna MFAEPS, the charge follows the path of the main beam. For the phased array that is scanning electronically, electrodes are located around the periphery of the array face and projecting outward beyond it. The electrode to release current from is selected based on which electrode can couple most effectively to the beam that is directed at a given target. Alternatively the central electrode can be gimbaled to shift or tilt to follow the direction to which the central lobe is steered.

In a second form of Multiple Antenna Element Microwave Facilitated Atmospheric Energy Projection System multiple beams overlap in space but not simultaneously, i.e. not as a phased array. Instead a ring of horn antennas for example will surround a central electrode and will all be focused for the same target such that their diverging beams overlap soon after leaving the horn aperture. These horns will fire serially around the ring or fire in a crisscrossing order but with enough nanoseconds between pulses per horn that no destructive interference occurs and the zone immediately beyond the electrode´s tip continues to be excited until energy levels reach near breakdown levels at which point the electrode releases charge into the excited air and it travels down the path of least resistance the path of air heated by the overlapping beams.

MFAEPS in all embodiments achieves energy projection via two main mechanisms:

a) That the oxygen molecules excited by the 60 GHz microwave have a greater statistical likelihood to give up an electron than to absorb one since entropy favors the ionization process that gives up electrons to plasma formation and thus favors the ensuing avalanche of electrons known as breakdown;

b) The number of oxygen and nitrogen molecules in the path of the beam has been reduced relative to the surrounding cooler air outside the beam because the hot molecules (the oxygen absorbing 60 GHz microwaves and the Nitrogen molecules that collide with the excited oxygen) move outward from the beam faster than the molecules at lower velocity (those at ambient temperature) outside the beam diffuse inward. Charge is released about 1 to 10 nanoseconds after the end of a microwave pulse to introduce the electrical charge while the energy from the pulse is still influencing molecules that were in the pulse path and are near the electrode tip.

The MFAEPS system in all embodiments differs from laser systems that seek to create a conducting channel by ionizing the atmospheric molecules in the path of the laser beam. MFAEPS seeks to effectively push molecules out of the way of the electric charge it releases and simultaneously make it more likely that molecules in the electron charge cloud´s path will be more prone to give up electrons than to absorb them.

The electrode or current emitting source for MFAEPS in single antenna or multiple antenna element embodiments extends outward from the plane of the antennae ends to reduce charge after release merely jumping the gap and traveling back to the source of the microwave beam rather than onward to the target.
Anonymous Coward
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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jesus h christ this is glp not open university
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Re: NASA patents.
B U M P
U P
M Y
P O S T
:)
LittleAlien
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Good cut´n paste post Cosmic Serpent.
cheers
Interesting items. I must read more.
Cosmic Serpent
12/08/2005 10:18 AM
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Mhm, gotta love copy and paste. Bump for the night.





GLP