Would the Apollo Moon astronauts have been frozen then cooked like chicken-in-a-bag - One Star Warrior unveiled - page 28

So the first question is what temperature would an empty spacesuit reach, while floating in space near the Earth ? What determines how hot or cold it should be?

The first process affecting the suit is insolation. Insolation is the energy / unit area coming from the Sun. The power delivered by insolation is called the solar irradiance and at the distance the Earth and Moon are from the Sun ( 1 AU ), it is given the name the Solar Constant and a standard value of 1362 watts / m^2

K

How much surface area does a human have ?

[link to www.google.co.uk (secure)]

This tells me that a human male has a surface area of 1.9 m^2 so maybe a spacesuit has a surface area of 2.5 or even 3 m^2

If we multiply the solar constant by 3 m^2 we get a power input to the spacesuit of 4086 watts , that's a seriously large power input, that's more than any electric heater you can plug into a domestic socket ( 3 kW ), it's as much as e.g. a wood burning stove.

Is this the end of the story for Apollo ? .....

We had the technology to heat and cool things in the 1960s.

I don't think that was one of the most challenging engineering problems.

that's what i think too

I've read a lot about this but I never got too far into it
myself. The Moon itself is very interesting subject to me though, and of course Mars and space in general

Maybe or maybe not. I want to find out for myself. Some Apollo conspiracy theorists say the temperatures were too extreme and the cooling systems inadequate. I want to use the information available to see if it was feasible or impossible.

K

Moon Hoax Apollo 16 : Astronauts Disney Space-Suit Was Not Pressurized & Had A Heat Leak

Apollo 16 had the highest surface temperatures, I will get back to that later on, first heat flow!

K

how do you people find the time to research this stuff? In between burger flips? Or do you drop the fries in the grease then study till they are done? Do you have all your study material hidden by the cash register and study between customers?

Does a dog or cat realize it cant solve math problems, or are they not smart enough to know they cant?

Are you guys just repeating what the last burger flippers say?

Good question, I'm going to guess that there are other careers than flipping burgers, but I could be wrong




My cat has a copy of Mathmatica 10 standard edition and is feeding me the answers :)

K

but not all of the space suit will be facing the Sun at any one time. Sometimes the front will face the Sun, sometimes the feet, so the surface area exposed to the full effect of the Sun will change with the phase angle. The same would go for an astronaut on the surface of the Moon. The Sun could be overhead, heating his head and shoulders or heating his entire front, or side aspect as he moved about.

Is there a way of generalising how much surface area will be exposed to the Sun ? Well you could treat the astronaut as a sphere, yes it sounds dumb but a sphere always presents the same proportion of surface area to the Sun whatever it's phase angle and this simplifies the calculation. So a sphere has a surface area of 4pi.r^2 and a cross sectional area of pi.r^2 so it always presents the equivalent of 1/4 of its surface area to the full effect of the Sun ( although 1/2 will be illuminated ).

Going back to our space suit that gives us a power input of 4086 / 4 = 1022 watts.

K

If the suit is absorbing energy at a rate of 1022 watts without it going anywhere it's just going to heat up and up until it vaporises altogether so that energy has got to go somewhere.

The suit is also radiating energy away into space at a predictable rate, dependant on its temperature...

K

Just spitballing here, but I am getting the feeling that
Apollo conspiracy tards are ALSO anti-vaccine tards.

You are not even taking into account the color of the material.

White reflects a large amount of heat.

On the other hand if the suit was black it would absorb more heat.

So I don't see how your calculations have any basis in fact.

Last Edited by G. House on 02/07/2015 06:27 PM

And to go a little further.

Just about any space walk in direct sunlight would present the same situation except for whatever heat that might have been induced from foot contact with the Moon's surface.

So unless you want to state that space walks have never been performed, the premise of this thread is pretty useless.

There is more to come and yes, there is a "cool" trick you can perform by carefully selecting the surface material...

K

On the moon, while your back is to the sun, your front is cooling while your back heats. Turn around and the opposite happens.

As long as you keep moving so that no part of you is lit or shaded for any extended period of time you can maintain something of a constant temperature.

If you stood in one place for say 10 minutes, one side of you would be 250 degrees and the other -150 but that isn't going to happen if you keep moving.

It's a good point, they were swinging golf clubs, saluting and driving around so the insolation would be distributed over the surface of theirs suits, except for the soles of their boots.

K

... and that rate is determined by the Stefan–Boltzmann law which says that the radiated power is proportional to the forth power of its temperature. So the power ( P ) radiated from our space suit of surface area A at temperature T will be

P=A.e.sigma.T^4

Sigma is the Stefan–Boltzmann constant with the value 5.87E-8 ( W m^-2 (JK^-1)^-4 ) and e is the emissivity, more of that in a while

K

We can see the power output is very dependent on temperature, a small increase in temperature leads to a large increase in power output and a small decrease leads to a big fall in output so it's not surprising that the external temperature of the spacesuit doesn't vary wildly with the changing inslolation, in fact we can find this equilibrium temperature using this equation.

T= (( a.S ) / ( e.sigma ))^0.25

Where T is the temperature in Kelvin, S is the irradiance and "a" is a factor called the absorbtivity.

So that's enough from me for now, but tomorrow-

Can the film survive in the camera ?
What is NASA's magic material ?
Will the surface of the Moon cook the astronaut.
Can 5 litres of water really keep the astronaut cool for hours ?

K

those suits were made of rubber and fabric like a tire which is very rigid. How could be move around in a heavy rubber tire suit. It would be very stiff. I don't believe it

Besides all the Americans I know are stupid fat and lazy. Mexicans were first on the moon.

[link to oi61.tinypic.com]

Well, they were stiff, heavy, and cumbersome. The astronauts got (and still get) a heck of a workout. Or hadn't you wondered how it can take astronauts doing repairs on the outside of the ISS forty minutes to install a single bolt?

But they weren't inflated like you seem to think they were. The outer coverall you see in pictures is not air tight. There is an inner pressure suit, or "bladder," and that is both airtight and relatively skin-tight. It isn't allowed to blow up like the Michelin Man, but is held in shape with straps and webbing. It incorporates constantly-volume joints (bellows shapes) to make it possible to bend the limbs.

The thing is, as much as we would all like to know none of us will. That's the sad fact. You can theorize as much as you want but unless you were there you will never know.

love lobe love moon stuff

480-196 F in the Sun and - 90-60 F in the Dark ?

Capricorn 1, Hollywood makes a movie about the Moon landing Hoax,

Wouldn't it be easiest to determine the cooling requirements of modern space suits and compare that to the apollo space suits?

Yes, in the real world it is very difficult to make statements about the absolute truth of anything. Deductive reasoning pretty much just applies to maths, but I am not attempting to prove that we did or didn't go to the Moon. I am just going to try and answer the question "is it feasible" that the camera and astronauts could have survived the thermal environment. There are people who claim to have used their expertise to prove that it is impossible.

K

But don't forget, there is no air for there to be an air temperature, we are looking at heat flows by radiation.

K

Objects emit electromagnetic radiation ( just radiation from now on ) according to their temperature in a distribution like so [link to upload.wikimedia.org] Colder objects have a peak at longer wavelengths. The surface of the the Sun is emitting radiation with a peak at 5800 K our spacesuit is emitting radiation at a much lower temperature peak of say 200 to 300 K. This is a key point in how temperature is regulated in space. The absorbtivity I mentioned is the solar absorbtivity, the property of a material to absorb solar radiation with a temperature profile of 5800 K and its emissivity is its ability to emit thermal radiation in the range of a few hundred K. The difference between these two numbers, to a great extent, determines the equilibrium temperature of an object in space.

K