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A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.

 
sudel_tek
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A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
Nanoparticles get a free ride

By Katrina Megget

04/07/2007 [July 4th, 2007] - A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.

Nanoparticles have long been seen as a promising frontier for intravascular drug delivery but advances in the technology have been limited by the problem that nanoparticles are quickly removed from the blood rendering them ineffective in delivering drugs.

But researchers at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have found a solution to the problem - attaching nanoparticles to the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) dramatically increases the in vivo lifetime of the nanoparticles.

The research is published in the July 07 issue of Experimental Biology and Medicine.

"Attachment of polymeric nanoparticles to red blood cells combines the advantages of the long circulating lifetime of the red blood cell, and their abundance, with the robustness of polymeric nanoparticles," research team leader Dr Samir Mitragotri said is a statement.

In normal situations, when nanoparticles are in the blood they are instantly targeted as foreign and removed by macrophages, typically within about 30 minutes. But by attaching to RBCs, the nanoparticles are able to evade detection and phagocytosis.

The discovery that nanoparticle circulatory life spans were increased by attaching to RBCs was born out of the knowledge that similar methods were adopted by bacteria, such as hemobartonella and eperythrozoonosis, to evade detection and stay in circulation for several weeks.

While the technology was still in its infancy, nanoparticles could not attach to RBCs in the presence of plasma and serum proteins, there was a lot of potential, according to the researchers.

Results showed that RBC-bound 220nm plain polystyrene particles remained in circulation for almost a day, an improvement of more than 100-fold over their free counterpart.

The nanoparticles eventually detached from the blood cells due to shear forces and cell-to-cell interactions, and were removed from the system by the liver and spleen. RBC and circulation is not affected by the attachment, the results found.

The nanoparticles would adhere to the RBC via different mechanisms, including hydrophobic, electrostatic and covalent interactions, depending on the different surface chemicals on the nanoparticle.

The researchers concluded the nanoparticles would stay in circulation longer if the binding interaction between it and the RBC was stronger.

"By improving the binding between the particles and the red blood cells it may be possible to keep the particles in circulation for longer periods of time, theoretically up to the circulation lifetime of the RBC (120 days)," the report stated.

Binding strength may be improved by using covalent attachment or high-affinity ligands, the researchers said.

The report added: "In the future, it may also be possible to specifically target the particles to the RBC surface using blood group antibodies. This would not only potentially increase the binding strength but also allow direct in vivo attachment of particles to RBC membranes, thus enabling a single injection therapy based on long-circulating nanoparticles."

The main advantage with the discovery is the potential for sustained-release drug delivery.

Nanoparticles themselves are beneficial drug carriers because they provide enzymatic protection and can be developed to control the release rates of the therapeutic agents. Meanwhile, there would also be the potential to attach chemicals to the nanoparticle surface for targeting applications for drug delivery, the report said.

"This mode of prolonging particle circulation has significant implications in drug delivery, potentially leading to new treatments for a broad range of conditions such as cancer, blood clots and heart disease," Mitragotri said.

In addition to drug delivery applications, the report added RBC-bound particles may be used as circulating bioreactors.

The study did not use drug-loaded nanoparticles, which may in future studies show different circulation and binding properties, the report stated.

[link to www.in-pharmatechnologist.com]
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Anonymous Coward
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07/05/2007 11:53 PM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
bsflag
DT
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07/05/2007 11:58 PM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
Will be used to deliver weapons to wipe out your enemies via nano particles.Biological and chemical.
Anonymous Coward
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07/06/2007 12:15 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
nano-enhancements maybe maybe?
Redheaded Stepchild

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07/06/2007 12:21 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
I might be impressed if they'd invent something that would eat the plutonium we each ingest...the stuff that has been distributed across the planet since the days of atmospheric nuclear testing and that we breathe each and every day of our lives. Oh, and something to gobble the DU that the Pentagon says is harmless...that would be dandy, too.
"Until you are willing to organize your friends and neighbors and literally shut down cities - drive at 5mph through the streets of major cities on the freeway and stop commerce, refuse to show up for work, refuse to borrow and spend more than you make, show up in Washington DC with a million of your neighbors and literally shut down The Capitol you WILL be bent over the table on a daily basis." Karl Denninger

Don't blame me; I voted for Ron Paul.


Silence is consent.
sudel_tek  (OP)

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07/06/2007 12:44 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
I might be impressed if they'd invent something that would eat the plutonium we each ingest...the stuff that has been distributed across the planet since the days of atmospheric nuclear testing and that we breathe each and every day of our lives. Oh, and something to gobble the DU that the Pentagon says is harmless...that would be dandy, too.
 Quoting: Redheaded Stepchild

Anything, and I mean anything is possible with nanotechnology. Even that is possible, I've been researching it for a few years now, and I can tell you that kind of research has been done and is ongoing (nano-bots; particles; medications; bacteria; etc.. destroying cancerous cells, as well as radioactive material)

This is not a bullshit story, so that BS flag is uncalled for, sir! :)
The blackening of roses will send you to the edges of the land/
The emerald tablets of Thoth the Atlantean/
The hands of the mighty Lion of Judah/
Will throw you through the triangular portals of Bermuda/
Exploring the Hologramic aspects of consciousness/
Normal Is Subjective

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07/06/2007 12:52 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
I might be impressed if they'd invent something that would eat the plutonium we each ingest...the stuff that has been distributed across the planet since the days of atmospheric nuclear testing and that we breathe each and every day of our lives. Oh, and something to gobble the DU that the Pentagon says is harmless...that would be dandy, too.

Anything, and I mean anything is possible with nanotechnology. Even that is possible, I've been researching it for a few years now, and I can tell you that kind of research has been done and is ongoing (nano-bots; particles; medications; bacteria; etc.. destroying cancerous cells, as well as radioactive material)

This is not a bullshit story, so that BS flag is uncalled for, sir! :)
 Quoting: sudel_tek


You're right about the "anything" being possible, unfortunately it will be the weapon aspect which will get first consideration and the majority of the research money.
I thought I'd beat the inevitibility of death to death just a little bit.
sudel_tek  (OP)

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07/06/2007 12:54 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
Unless of course Ron Paul becomes President. ;)

The government is the problem, not the research nor the science.
The blackening of roses will send you to the edges of the land/
The emerald tablets of Thoth the Atlantean/
The hands of the mighty Lion of Judah/
Will throw you through the triangular portals of Bermuda/
Exploring the Hologramic aspects of consciousness/
Sudel_Tek  (OP)

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07/06/2007 03:26 AM
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Re: A breakthrough discovery in the US could see nanoparticles hitching a ride on red blood cells to become an ultimate drug delivery mechanism.
sloth
The blackening of roses will send you to the edges of the land/
The emerald tablets of Thoth the Atlantean/
The hands of the mighty Lion of Judah/
Will throw you through the triangular portals of Bermuda/
Exploring the Hologramic aspects of consciousness/





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